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A Short Note on Immunology and Nutrition
Dr. Zahra MohamdImmunology is the study of the immune system and its functions, including the body's defense against foreign substances, such as pathogens and cancer cells. The immune system is a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from harm. The immune system can be divided into two main categories: innate immunity and adaptive immunity. Innate immunity is the body's first line of defense and provides immediate protection against pathogens. This type of immunity is non-specific, meaning it responds the same way to any pathogen it encounters. Examples of innate immune cells include macrophages, neutrophils, and natural killer cells. Nutrition is a vital aspect of overall health and well-being. It involves the intake of food and how the body utilizes the nutrients from food to function properly. Proper nutrition is essential for maintaining a healthy body weight, preventing chronic diseases, and supporting the body's natural functions. Adaptive immunity, on the other hand, is specific and takes longer to develop. This type of immunity recognizes and remembers specific pathogens, providing long-term protection against them. Adaptive immunity is mediated by lymphocytes, a type of white blood cell. There are two types of lymphocytes: B cells and T cells. B cells produce antibodies that can recognize and neutralize pathogens, while T cells directly attack infected cells.