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Technologies for ethanol production using sugar and starch as feedstocks

Antonio Lukas

A modified batch culture approach or a step between batch and continuous fermentation procedures is fed-batch culture. Similar to batch culture, fed-batch culture’s products are collected in batches, or after the batch time. However, similar to the continuous fermentation process, the substrate is gradually introduced throughout the cultivation. However, like with batch fermentation, the amount of substrate needed to produce the desired products is unchanged. However, the fed-batch culture adds substrates intermittently at predetermined intervals rather than all at once. One of the most common commercial fermentation methods involves adding nutrients to the bioreactor on a regular or predetermined schedule in order to attain high cell biomass densities. As a result, fed-batch fermentation is a semi-continuous process in which products are kept in the bioreactor until the run and substrate is continuously added in tiny amounts. Overall, fedbatch culture has extended cell culture time while producing high-yield and high-quality proteins. In fed-batch culture, the feeding media is provided continuously or sporadically. The fed-batch culture has advanced significantly in recent years. Process development still depends on optimising feed components. Feed-batch culture should take into account culture parameters, nutrient consumption, and build-up of metabolic by products, etc. at the same time. We continue to consider key parameters, such as cell proliferation, the yield, and the quality of RTPs, as we further explore RTP generation in CHO cells. However, fedbatch culture has flaws in the process development area; selecting the best parameters, such as temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, basal and feeding medium, and additives, can be difficult. Exploring a number of fantastic process parameters is restricted by a few variables [1-4].