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Unveiling an atypical response to HIV1 infection by the patient carrier of the beta-s globin gene and Duffy antigen gene double mutation

Philomene Lungu Anzwal

The selective pressures exerted by plasmodiums falciparum, vivax, and knowlesi on red blood cells led to the modification of membrane antigens, hemoglobin and enzymes thus leading to the mutation of the Duffy antigen, sickle cell disease, thalassemia and the G6PD deficiency. In this study, it was to determine the impact of the Duffy -46C/C mutation on the low susceptibility and slow progression of HIV infection observed in homozygous sickle-cell anemia. This is a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted on 274 subjects over a period of 4 years, from december 2013 to november 2017, subjects of both sexes whose age ranged between 6 months and 40 years of age and resorted to the detection of HIV antibodies by the Determine test, the viral load by Abbott reel Time, the rate of CD4+ by flow cytometry, electrophoresis of hemoglobin on cellulose acetate at pH 8.5 alkaline and identification of Duffy antigen using indirect Coombs test. The research targeted subjects attending sickle cell care centers in the city of Lubumbashi. The Epi Info 7 software, khi- square, mean and frequency were used. The significance level was set at pÃÂ??0.05. The study found that HIV seroprevalence in βS/βS is 1.03%. The mean viral load of βS/βS naive antiretroviral is 14,185 copies/ml compared to that of βA/βS 56,088 copies/ml. and βA/βA 7,401 copies/ ml.The mean CD4 + is 450 CD4/mm3 compared to βA/βS: 244 and βA/βA: 431 ± 4. The prevalence of Duffy 46C/C in βS/βS is 100%. The homozygous sickle Africans have a double mutation, the βS/βS mutation and the Duffy - 46C/C mutation, which are adaptation mutations. Regarding susceptibility to HIV, the βS/βS mutation dominates the Duffy -46C/C mutation. And both mutations contribute to the slow progression of HIV which is a synergistic and identical effect.